As the world inches along on its journey through this ever-evolving pandemic, understanding the “how” of COVID-19 could be the most important question of all. The question has motivated the research of Galit Alter and David Knipe over the last year. The two co-lead the pathogenesis research group of the Massachusetts Consortium on Pathogen Readiness (MassCPR), a multi-institutional, cross-disciplinary, international research effort established on March 2, 2020, at Harvard Medical School to help combat the current pandemic and set the stage for fighting future ones.